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It’s about time

BY DR JOHN ZORBAS, CHAIR, AMA COUNCIL OF DOCTORS IN TRAINING

Wage theft. Let’s call it what it is. When you have a contract to do a job, and you do that job, and you don’t get paid… that’s wage theft. Every fortnight, tens of thousands of doctors-in-training have the work that they’ve done processed into government payment systems. And every fortnight, tens of thousands of dollars and hours go missing.

The way we pay the majority of our doctors-in-training, and for that matter almost every government employee in the country, is embarrassing. It shouldn’t be a hard task. Any organisation that employees people needs to know what these people are doing and how long they are doing it for. Seemingly, this simple calculation was left out of the design plans for almost every HR system I’ve come across in the public sector. Every fortnight, we face a gauntlet of timesheets and rosters that almost invariably result in everyone getting paid less than they’re worth. The system takes its Angel’s Share, and I guarantee you it’s more than 2%. After this tax is levied, you then receive a payslip. Well, you might receive a payslip. They often don’t find you, as was the case when for a quarter of my intern year, my payslips were sent to a regional hospital 600 kilometres away from where I worked in an entirely different health service. And when you do find them, they’re indecipherable. There’s a series of figures and digits that put the techniques that casinos use to confuse us to shame. If big tobacco ever wants to make a comeback in Australia, they need to talk to big hospital.

Of course, no doctor is going hungry in Australia tonight. These dollars aren’t going to decide between life and death. But the dollars aren’t the problem. They’re a surrogate marker for time, and in our vocation we know that time is more valuable than almost anything in this world. When our patients start talking about the “if only-ies” of their lives, we can’t help but reflect on ours. Every hour of your life should be an hour worked and paid, or an hour not worked and not paid; it’s not rocket surgery. When we allow unpaid hours to propagate, those are hours that you don’t get to spend with your family. They are hours you don’t have to prepare for your fellowship exams. They are hours that you don’t spend with your friends enjoying your life and theirs, in shared experiences that you’ll never forget. They are hours that are taken from you. Stolen from you. Lost to you. Make no mistake about it, there is no greater time vampire than your payslip.

This is a system that hides risk. If you can’t accurately capture what your staff are doing, then you can’t safely run a health care service. You will be staffed incorrectly. You will be insured incorrectly. Your leave liability goes through the roof, and your overworked underpaid doctors resign as their access to leave slowly erodes. The pennies you save on wages today multiply into the errors and catastrophes of the future. Morale falls while culture crumbles. Come to think of it, the single worst action you could take to harm patients is to shortchange your doctors, your nurses, and every other person that keeps healthcare ticking.

But the worst part of this tragedy is us. We’re the enablers. We’ve been bailing the system out for years, and for what? When the razor gangs make their rounds, it’s the ultrasound fellowships and the research posts that go missing. But never the run of the mill registrar and resident positions. And you want to know why? It’s because we’re cheap. We’re extremely efficient, we’re too busy to complain and we’re terrible at understanding our rights as employees. Meanwhile, everybody wants to talk about resilience and the inherent difficulties we face in medicine that make it ineffably hard to be a doctor. The irony! I can resuscitate a trauma patient with half a liver and no kidneys. I can hold a family meeting for my critically unwell and soon to be departed ICU patient. I can’t explain my payslip to you. Let that sink in for a moment, and remember it next time someone lectures you about the inherent difficulties in medicine.

This system isn’t the brainchild of some villainous mastermind. It isn’t even a direct effort of government to minimise costs. It’s just simply evolved in an environment in which we’ve stood back and allowed it to happen. And it’s hard to talk about. There’s always someone who wants to make you feel shameful. They want to make it about money, and not about time. Every email you send becomes a less and less wanted intrusion. You’re made to feel the villain, and that’s just for asking for what is rightfully yours! Every unpaid hour we’ve been guilted into letting slide just helps to make life harder for all of us, our patients included. We focus so much on the money that we see it as a dirty act, when really it’s about time. Let’s collectively stop talking about money and start talking about time. This is about fair and due process, and enabling a health system than can actually function.

So next time somebody steals from you, stand up and make yourself heard. If your problem isn’t resolved, call the AMA (of which you are no doubt a member, you fine medical citizen you!). If you employ doctors-in-training, take a look at the processes you have around overtime and staffing. If you are a board member for a health service, audit the real hours that your doctors-in-training are working, so that you can appreciate the quantum of the silent risks that your company or service is being exposed to.

When they steal your money every fortnight, they make your life marginally harder. But when they steal your time, they make your life impossible. And you shouldn’t stand for that. Your time is priceless. 

[Seminar] Oesophageal cancer

Oesophageal cancer is a clinically challenging disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Extensive treatment might be associated with a considerable decline in health-related quality of life and yet still a poor prognosis. In recent decades, prognosis has gradually improved in many countries. Endoscopic procedures have increasingly been used in the treatment of premalignant and early oesophageal tumours. Neoadjuvant therapy with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy has supplemented surgery as standard treatment of locally advanced oesophageal cancer.

[Obituary] Abdulah Alkhamesi

Specialist in tropical medicine and health administration who was founder of the Yemen Red Crescent Society. Born in Sana’a, Yemen, on Feb 26, 1941, he died from complications after heart surgery in Sana’a on Aug 31, 2017, aged 76 years.

Invitation from AMA President to participate in aged care survey

The Australian Medical Association invites you to participate in a brief online survey to help inform AMA policy and lobbying in the area of medical services for older Australians.  

Australia is experiencing an ageing population with more complex medical conditions than before. In 2016, there were 3.7 million people aged over 65 in Australia, and this is expected to rise to 8.7 million by 2056. The prevalence of Dementia, a leading cause of death in Australia, is predicted to increase to 900,000 by 2050 (298,000 in 2011).

Currently, Australia’s aged care system is failing this older population. This has become increasingly evident over the past year, with multiple stories of negligence highlighted in the media. In particular, the serious neglect in patient care at the Oakden Older Person’s Mental Health Service has sparked both an independent review and a Senate inquiry into the quality of the whole aged care system.

If nothing changes, Australia’s ageing population will see a system diving further into inadequacy, putting the lives of our patients, and families, at risk.

This is why the AMA will continue, and increase, our advocacy in aged care. Part of this advocacy will also involve updating our position statements to reflect the current climate.

This is where we need your help. As members, this aged care survey gives you an opportunity to comment on your experiences with aged care, and better inform our advocacy strategy, our position statements and our submissions. In developing our future advocacy resources, we want to focus our efforts on ensuring that medical practitioners who provide medical care to older Australians are supported, and their needs are highlighted to government.

Similar surveys were undertaken by the AMA in 2008, 2012, and 2015.

In 2015, the AMA Aged Care Survey revealed the major reasons affecting the provision of medical care in the aged care sector were the lack of availability of suitably trained and experienced nurses, and MBS rebates not properly compensating for the time spent away from surgery.

The results from this 2017 survey will be compared to these earlier surveys to identify trends and measure some of the changes over the past nine years.

The survey takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. Your individual response will not be identifiable, however overall survey results will be published. I urge you to please take the time to complete this very important survey.

Click the following link to begin. Please complete the survey only once.

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/amaagedcaresurvey2017

The survey closes on Monday 27 November 2017.

Dr Michael Gannon
AMA President

Compliance with the advertising provisions under the National Law

As part of the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency’s (AHPRA) ongoing work to ensure compliance with the National Law’s advertising requirements, it has commenced contacting medical practitioners who AHPRA has assessed as having non-compliant website, social media and/or print advertising by letter.

While only a small number of medical practitioners will receive correspondence about non‑compliant advertising, it is important that practitioners ensure that they meet the requirement under the National Law and that the profession maintains and upholds the best standards as an exemplar amongst the regulated professions.

Medical practitioners who are contacted have 60 days to check and correct their advertising to ensure they comply with the National Law. AHPRA will check that the advertising content has been amended. If AHPRA remains concerned, it may take further action. Further non-compliance may result in a condition being placed upon a practitioner’s registration or the relevant National Board taking disciplinary action. 

If you are advertising a regulated health service, your advertising must not:

  • be false, misleading or deceptive, or likely to be misleading or deceptive; 
  • offer a gift, discount or other inducement, unless the terms and conditions of the offer are also stated; 
  • use testimonials or purported testimonials about the service or business; 
  • create an unreasonable expectation of beneficial treatment; or
  • directly or indirectly encourage the indiscriminate or unnecessary use of a regulated health service.

Examples of unacceptable advertising include:

“When I was first diagnosed, I felt there was no hope for me to survive. I had constant pain and was unable to care for myself. But then I saw Dr Smith at Wonders Day Surgery. Dr Smith agreed with my diagnosis and was able to provide treatment which saved my life. Dr Smith cured me and I have no more pain.”

“As an incentive to my existing patients to introduce their friends and family to our work, I am offering a $20 discount on their first visit! Just fill in the forms on our new website, present them to reception and get a $20 discount.”

“At the Rose Street Clinic, cosmetic and reconstructive procedures are an area of care we can provide. These simple procedures are completely safe and can be done on site.  Our cosmetic surgery procedures are guaranteed to provide consumers with the desired result.  Improve your happiness through the wonderful work at the Rose Street Clinic.” 

AHPRA has published resources on its website to support practitioners to comply with the advertising requirements. The correspondence sent to identified practitioners includes a direct link to a check, correct and comply webpage (www.ahpra.gov.au/Publications/Advertising-resources/Check-and-correct.aspx), which provides links to several resources for practitioners including common examples of non-compliant advertising and how they can be fixed.  This site also provides more details about the process for managing advertising complaints.

Complaints about advertising rose by 237.7 per cent and accounted for 75.2 per cent of all offence complaints[1] between 2014/15 and 2015/16. Almost 57.3 per cent of these complaints related to chiropractic services.  However, while most of the complaints relate to chiropractic advertising, medical practitioners also attracted some complaints. As such, the AMA advises that practitioners should make themselves aware of the guidelines.

The Medical Board of Australia has guidelines for advertising regulated health services, which can be found here http://www.medicalboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Policies.aspx

There are also specific guidelines for medical practitioners who perform cosmetic medical and surgical procedures, which can be found here http://www.medicalboard.gov.au/News/2016-09-29-revised-registration-standards.aspx

The AMA will monitor this compliance program as it develops.

Jodette Kotz
AMA Senior Policy Advisor


 

Oral morphine versus ibuprofen administered at home for postoperative orthopedic pain in children: a randomized controlled trial [Research]

BACKGROUND:

Oral morphine for postoperative pain after minor pediatric surgery, while increasingly popular, is not supported by evidence. We evaluated whether oral morphine was superior to ibuprofen for at-home management of children’s postoperative pain.

METHODS:

We conducted a randomized superiority trial comparing oral morphine (0.5 mg/kg) with ibuprofen (10 mg/kg) in children 5 to 17 years of age who had undergone minor outpatient orthopedic surgery (June 2013 to September 2016). Participants took up to 8 doses of the intervention drug every 6 hours as needed for pain at home. The primary outcome was pain, according to the Faces Pain Scale – Revised, for the first dose. Secondary outcomes included additional analgesic requirements, adverse effects, unplanned health care visits and pain scores for doses 2 to 8.

RESULTS:

We analyzed data for 77 participants in each of the morphine and ibuprofen groups. Both interventions decreased pain scores with no difference in efficacy. The median difference in pain score before and after the first dose of medication was 1 (interquartile range 0–1) for both morphine and ibuprofen (p = 0.2). For doses 2 to 8, the median differences in pain score before and after the dose were not significantly different between groups. Significantly more participants taking morphine reported adverse effects (45/65 [69%] v. 26/67 [39%], p < 0.001), most commonly drowsiness (31/65 [48%] v. 15/67 [22%] in the morphine and ibuprofen groups, respectively; p = 0.003).

INTERPRETATION:

Morphine was not superior to ibuprofen, and both drugs decreased pain with no apparent difference in efficacy. Morphine was associated with significantly more adverse effects, which suggests that ibuprofen is a better first-line option after minor surgery.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT01686802.

[Perspectives] Mary Crow: leader in research on systemic lupus erythematosus

Mary “Peggy” Crow was not one of those people who always wanted to be a doctor. “I absolutely was not on a track toward either medicine or research”, Crow, Physician-in-Chief at the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York City, USA, and a past President of the American College of Rheumatology, told The Lancet. She took biology in 7th grade and loved it, Crow says, but at her private high school in Westchester County, NY, girls didn’t get to take science—she “was not even offered science courses”, recalls Crow.

The world is running out of antibiotics

The World Health Organization has confirmed in a new report that there is a serious lack of new antibiotics under development to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.

The report, Antibacterial agents in clinical development – an analysis of the antibacterial clinical development pipeline, including tuberculosis, reveals there is a serious lack of treatment options for multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant M. tuberculosis and gram-negative pathogens, including Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae (such as Klebsiella and E.coli). 

This is alarming because these pathogens can cause severe and often deadly infections that pose a particular threat in hospitals and nursing homes.

Most of the drugs currently being developed are modifications of existing classes of antibiotics and are only short-term solutions. The report found very few potential treatment options for those antibiotic-resistant infections. This includes drug-resistant tuberculosis which kills around 250,000 people each year.

Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, believes antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency.

“There is an urgent need for more investment in research and development for antibiotic-resistant infections including TB, otherwise we will be forced back to a time when people feared common infections and risked their lives from minor surgery,” Dr Tedros cautioned.

WHO has also identified 12 classes of priority pathogens which can cause common infections such as pneumonia or urinary tract infections but are increasingly resistant to existing antibiotics and urgently in need of new treatments.

The report identifies 51 new antibiotics and biologicals in clinical development to treat priority antibiotic-resistant pathogens, as well as tuberculosis and the sometimes deadly diarrhoeal infection Clostridium difficile.

Among all these candidate medicines, however, only eight are classed by WHO as innovative treatments. There are also very few new oral antibiotics being developed, despite these being essential formulations for treating infections outside hospitals or in resource-limited settings.

“Pharmaceutical companies and researchers must urgently focus on new antibiotics against certain types of extremely serious infections that can kill patients in a matter of days because we have no line of defence,” explained Dr Suzanne Hill, Director of the Department of Essential Medicines at WHO.

To counter this threat, WHO and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi) have set up the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (known as GARDP), with Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, South Africa, Switzerland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Wellcome Trust recently pledging more than €56 million.

“Research for tuberculosis is seriously underfunded, with only two new antibiotics for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis having reached the market in over 70 years,” Dr Mario Raviglione, Director of the WHO Global Tuberculosis Programme said.

WHO believes that new treatments alone will not be sufficient to combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance, and is developing guidance for the responsible use of antibiotics in the human, animal and agricultural sectors.

The AMA believes the over-prescribing of antibiotics is a threat to the wellbeing of Australians as we remain one of the highest consumers of antibiotics in the industrialised world. The AMA also encourages antibiotics to be responsibly prescribed.

MEREDITH HORNE

[Correspondence] Tranexamic acid for post-partum haemorrhage in the WOMAN trial

As one of the many collaborators who contributed to the WOMAN trial1 our team’s involvement in research that will improve maternal outcomes globally has been gratifying. 1 g of intravenous tranexamic acid given within 3 h of post-partum haemorrhage significantly reduced maternal death and the need for surgery (laparotomy). The fact that post-partum haemorrhage was defined as 500 mL or more for vaginal deliveries but 1000 mL or more for caesarean section is important to note. This difference should be considered when clinicians update local guidelines for post-partum haemorrhage.